Watching a loved one forget basic and easy to remember things can take a toll on an individual.

Dementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. It stems from a decline in brain function.

Victoria Joseph, a phycologist, notes people with dementia have difficulty taking care of their own needs. They may need someone to ensure they eat properly, wash regularly, and generally stay safe. They are also at risk of isolation and various health issues.

Approximately over 35 million people are living with dementia worldwide according to a 2010 study.  Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia.

As taking care of another person can be overwhelming, the psychologist advises caregivers to focus on the person they are caring for rather than the condition, and understand their individuality.

Early on in dementia, people experience changes in thinking, remembering and reasoning; hence affecting their lives and activities.

“Eventually people with this condition will need help with everyday task, this may include bathing, grooming, dressing. Communication can be a challenge for people with dementia because they have trouble remembering things,” she explains.

It is important to note that people with dementia can easily become agitated, angry and anxious.  Although a caregiver may sometimes feel frustrated or impatient, it is important to understand that the disease is causing changes in the person and they might have difficulty is understanding the changes.

According to the World Alzheimer’s report, there are more than 50 million people living with dementia globally, a figure projected to hit 152 million by 2050.

People link dementia to old age, but Victoria clarifies that although most people with dementia are older, it is not a normal part of ageing. 

Signs and symptoms include memory loss, confusion, personality change, apathy and withdrawal as well as loss of the ability to do everyday tasks

“Dementia is caused by a variety of things mainly, Progressive death of brain cells and neurons, which develops worsens over time. Head injuries, stroke, brain tumors

It is important to note that different types of dementia are associated with particular types of brain cell damage in particular regions of the brain,” she explains.

People with dementia can benefit from creating a daily routine, managing stress and maintaining a clean and healthy environment. Families can help by offering cues, including placing labels on drawers, cabinets and doors to tell what’s inside and using calendars for medication schedules, meals, doctor’s appointments or due dates for bills.

“If you are taking care of a loved one battling dementia, creating a daily routine, minimizing stress, focusing on communication. It is important to keeping an eye on the person’s physical health and seek seeking support and taking care of your own wellbeing especially when you feel overwhelmed,” she states.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, accounting for 50 per cent to 70 per cent of all cases of dementia. WHO in 2018 put dementia deaths in Kenya at 2,566 (1.01%) of all deaths.