Nairobi County has recorded the highest number of new HIV infections. Data from the National Syndemic Disease Control Council (NSDCC) shows that in the last year, new infections have risen by 19 per cent, up from 16,752 to 19,991.

Ten (10) counties, Nairobi, Migori, Kisumu, Homa Bay, Busia, Siaya, Kakamega, Nakuru, Mombasa, and Bungoma, accounted for 60% of all new HIV infections in 2024. Nairobi County led with 3045 new infections, followed by Migori (1572) and Kisumu (1341).

The NSDCC noted that the concentration of new infections in the 10 counties shows persistent regional disparities, calling for differentiated county-led interventions to achieve equitable epidemic control.

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“In 2024, the national HIV prevalence stood at 3.0 per cent, with higher rates among females (4.0%) compared to males (2.0%),” details the Kenya HIV Estimates report released by NSDCC on Sunday.

Further, the survey shows that HIV related deaths increased by 0.05 in 2024, as 21,007 deaths were recorded. This was a rise from 18,473 in 2023.

"AIDS-related deaths, recorded at 21,007 in 2024, remind us of the need for renewed focus on early diagnosis, treatment adherence, and retention in care," said Health PS Ouma Oluga.

NSDCC data also shows that in 2025, Kenya recorded a 52% decrease in new HIV infections. As of 2024, 1,326,336 Kenyans were living with HIV, among them 62,798 children.

The data further reveals that infections remain highest among youth aged 15 to 34, who form the bulk of new cases.

On the other hand, Elgeyo-Marakwet, Wajir, Mandera, Kisii, Machakos, Kericho, Uasin Gishu, Nakuru, Bomet, Baringo, Trans-Nzoia and Laikipia recorded a 75% drop in new infections.